The Municipality of Peania belongs to the Peripheral Unity of Eastern Attica and its present form is due to the consolidation of the former municipalities of Peania and Glyka Neron, according to the Kallikratis Program.
The municipality has an area of ​​47,14km2 and a population of 26,668 inhabitants, based on the latest census of 2011.
The headquarters of the Peania Municipality have been designated as the town of Peania, formerly called Liopesi.
In ancient times, the Municipality of Peania was one of the rich municipalities of Athens. From this area came the politician and orator Demosthenes and the architect, one of the two who built the Parthenon, Kallikratis.
In the years 1204-1453, many Arvanites were sent to the area to work in the estates owned by the Latins. In the years that followed, the Arvanites were incorporated with the native inhabitants.
Paiania is a modern town that has developed in recent years due to the Olympic projects of 2004 and Hellenic International Airport. Venizelou which is within walking distance.
Notable attraction of the Municipality is Koutouki Cave, which is the largest of the 60 caves of Attica. Also in the Municipality of Peania is the Vorres Museum, which hosts works of Greek art.